Preschoolers' Moral Actions and Emotions in Prisoner's Dilemma
ثبت نشده
چکیده
The moral acts of 19 dyads of 4-year-olds in a cognitively simplified version of Prisoner's Dilemma were analyzed in relationship to their friendship, emotions, and processes of conflict resolution. Degree of friendship was rated by teachers; two sociologists used a Q-sort of Group Processes to describe the dyads' interactions; the emotions of each child were coded from videotape--independently of his or her partner's and with the sound turned off--in accordance with Ekman and Friesen's (1983) Emotion Facial Action Coding System. Moral acts were categorically identified as equalization, reparation, stalemate, default, and betrayal; these acts were also assigned scale scores on a dimension of moral sensitivity that was independently derived from separate work with a sample of 143 undergraduates. They judged the five acts in all possible paired comparisons and then rated the moral difference between each pair. These data almost perfectly fitted a model of increasing monotonic function according to Kruskal's (1964) criterion. The degree of friendship between the dyads and their interactive processes---group orientation, positive emotional tone, and active involvement--were positively related to sensitive moral action. Their emotions were related to concurrent acts, and more importantly, predicted their subsequent acts even though they seldom talked about morality. These results suggest that if social scientists' search for practical morality is to be successful, emotional communication needs to be brought into the account.
منابع مشابه
The Role of Victims’ Emotions in Preschoolers’ Moral Judgments
Do victims’ emotions underlie preschoolers’ moral judgment abilities? Study 1 asked preschoolers (n072) to judge actions directed at characters who could and could not feel hurt and who did and did not cry. These judgments took into account only the nature of the action, not the nature of the victim. To further investigate how victims’ emotions might impact children’s moral judgments, Study 2 p...
متن کاملProject-Based IT Companies and Three Corporate Moral Dilemmas
The aim of this study is to develop understanding of moral issues in project-based IT companies. Three corporate moral dilemmas, the dirty hands dilemma (balancing between the corporation’s efficiency needs and stakeholder interests), the many hands dilemma (integrating individual members’ actions into a cohesive whole), and the entangled hands dilemma (individual members’ responsibility for gi...
متن کاملEmotion and Social Motivation in University Students’ Real Life Moral Dilemmas
Studied the relationship between social motivation and approaches to moral decision making, and also the emotions people experience in real life moral dilemmas. 44 students were interviewed about a moral dilemma that they had faced in the past. Social motivation was measured with Emmons’ (1989) idiographic personal strivings method. Intimacy motivation was related to a preference for making dec...
متن کاملMore than a feeling: When emotional reactions don't predict moral judgments
Many moral psychologists have proposed that the difference between people’s moral judgments about the Trolley and Footbridge dilemmas can be explained by their differing emotional responses to the dilemmas. In two experiments, we tested this explanation by presenting the dilemmas and measuring participants’ reactions using a self-report emotion measure (PANAS-X). As might be expected, participa...
متن کامل